Young people put forward big ideas
Ouyang Chun-shan While my friend was only 35 years old, but made others did not think, let alone who proposed the idea of mm on a thorough analysis and objective of the photo; money in the end is what to out of the appropriately defined. His view is that the challenges of the current popular view, but also view the current negative economic major, but really makes sense. is to drip ink made out for its users think.
but what people need to Rice is the steel, do not eat a meal hungry a street circus, often performing some strange new tricks, including the hungry. One day, someone in an iron cage in the performance hungry, not eat for several days. There Nosey asked him why he dry The man replied frankly: more and more materialistic, more good material comforts; so-called civilization and progress is to satisfy people's growing material needs. We seem to never think about: how many of our material needs of the operator enough? We seem to be and never think about: We are really in the pursuit of material enjoyment, or the surface in the pursuit of material comforts, but in fact The first material is known as the share a bed. Monument to be erected motto now, standing in the West entrance to the village to educate the people of the world. But the question is: Since our material needs and enjoyment are limited, why should we pursue several tons of gold at home? Why should we seek to Luxury house come out on top? why we have yet to be pursued, although not occupy mm Why? Let us look at the second material, which is the words of Marx:
a little house any case small, in the surrounding houses are This small, it is able to meet all the requirements for housing. However, once in this small house nearby, rose the palace, this small cottage house to look like the poor shrunk. At this time, small the occupants of the house to prove that it requires very low or no stress; and, no matter what the size of a small house with the expansion of the progress of civilization, there is, as long as the palace near the same or greater degree of expansion of it, then more the occupants of a small house within its walls will be more and more in that do not feel comfortable, more and more dissatisfied, more and more into contempt.
what it says? with Marx's own words is that our material needs and enjoy a compared, an imbalance on the state of mind, so do not see how the small house pleasing to the eye, and this is who we are mm!
Unfortunately, a higher low is our innate nature, and everyone in and around who compared the pursuit of instinct) called connected.
In fact, by comparing some of our material needs and Ga, however do not enjoy even a sudden and a special treat. Let us look at the fourth material, this is a poem:
streets are the new shoes
how much I pestered my mother all the way crying Hancang
until suddenly saw
people who lost a leg
innocent children, can ye so ; bad needs and enjoyment. Let us look at the fifth material, which is Mr. Shao Yanxiang wrote a song called the grass and watch the grass and looking forward to wildfire spread even
This is what we were mm compared with the others to get the meaning, obtained by comparing the self-awareness! people certainly need to eat and drink to live through, need all should have material comforts, but they mean to people and only people from there, people need the recognition from the people there, people need the respect from the people there. In this sense, we very much appreciate the philosopher Hall Erba He said one sentence: only society, only the history of civilization only.
money is what money is what
? the existing standard textbooks generally answer this: general to what extent, does not make clear. politely speaking, not thorough; bluntly speaking, wrong! reason wrong, is more important is the first to lose its broad definition of economics full flavor, did not see the currency of human society important tool for organization, is a contract between and credit.
2009 �� 6 26, Bank of China promulgated the reiterate that the People's Bank of China Mr Zhou Xiaochuan at the end of March this year, development of a super-sovereign reserve currency mm can be called G20 financial summit's decision, the original members of the G7 Financial Stability Forum, expanded to G20, including China, the result, the name was officially changed to Finance Committee mm can be called put on the agenda, the initial establishment of an international central bank, is confirmed in March 2008 my article, ; is a pseudo-proposition to consider is the international central banks and international reign.
but there are indications that the proposed reserve currency over sovereignty and Financial Committee, the establishment of the current financial crisis is more important is the reality of the pressure generated by the results of the theory behind the problem and not been really sort out and clarify, the monetary and exchange rate is still quite popular paradoxical view, almost the same as the air surrounding our planet.
remember the end of March Mr Zhou Xiaochuan made shortly after the super-sovereign reserve currency, a bunch of do media friends at the dinner table of interest issues, I basically have not made a word, busy and take their food to eat. should be shortly after the dinner in another, several friends and eager to explore the issue from the U.S. dollar and currencies I have basically not made a word, busy and take their food to eat. then there is the media's friend asked him to me, would like to write something of monetary and exchange rate, I politely refused phase, because I think this is said and the. This is what I prefer to take their food to eat because busy, you do not respect the rational, to be nonsense, to in vain, to toss, I did that Xianxin.
time should be in May this year, and one I respect Friends of the dollar and the currency issue, also read before the friend, operation over foreign exchange transactions in person, I can clearly recall my friend was not full of doubts, but no expression of pity: ! the established view of money: Money is a commodity! both the mainstream, or non-mainstream, it seems that money is a commodity point of view believe. Mr. Song Hongbing be considered an important non-mainstream currency on behalf of scientists, read by chance a few months ago to its simple and clear in order, because first of all to subvert the strict logic of the current textbook view, made clear: Money is not a commodity, but the contracts and credit!
some people can not be serious in view of the habit of thinking, according to the the exchange situation, sub-10 targeted the problem, Why do we need the currency of human society?
02. What is the nature of money?
03. Why is the textbook definition of money is wrong?
04. real money is the money you born?
05 . Why is the exchange rate is a pseudo-proposition?
06. Why is there will be real exchange rate?
07. Why is the How do trade area?
09. human society, you should return to the gold standard?
10. how to treat the crisis of U.S. dollar and RMB opportunities?
01. Why do we need the currency of human society?
A : In a certain extent, humans can do without money, such as the completely self-sufficient economy if the money becomes redundant. can not completely self-sufficient, does not necessarily need money, because you can barter, Joe Smith pumpkin to the John Doe 3, John Doe back Joe Smith four hoists, to money doing it?
but completely self-sufficiency, reality is unlikely. barter is also extremely limited, three to five a few might be able to even a small tribe can improvise, but the larger of the two, can easily cause confusion in the ratio of exchange, seating three pumpkin gourd exchange of John Doe 4, John Doe 1 only five 5 gourd cucumber exchange Wang, Wang V 1 June 6 Cucumber Luffa exchange Zhao, Zhao six an exchange of seating three pumpkin gourd hh exchange is only a few times, chaos has been gifted with, and if everybody was a have never in contact with, the idea is trouble, The First, not economics, but of political science, it is to solve the problem of organization of human society, its essence is a contract between owners and credit. barter reason lead to confusion, precisely because of the lack of contracts, and credit, say ; exchange rate The value of the measure with the stool, to put an end to complete the measure in the real world, must be an absolute measure of trust: The measure of its other products, its other products are not measured, it is their own value, straightforward and said: ; I'm worth! a credit transfer. For example, Joe Smith John Doe with a piece of paper and exchanged a pumpkin, because John Doe is willing to deliver the kind of paper credit; John Doe exchanged with a piece of paper bags of wheat Wang Wuyi, because the king e willing to pass this kind of paper credit, in reality, to put an end to complete the transfer, who must rely on an absolute credit: he does not pass this kind of paper credit, but give the kind of paper credit, he is a credit! Obviously, this is Mint by mm Now the central bank, the kind of paper is called the notes.
speak with the language of mathematics, as the exchange of objects of all br> A: What is money, the current standard textbook answer is usually this: out of this, but what is the separation, separation to what extent, does not make clear; also highlighted the common currency is the equivalent of a fixed, but fixed to what extent, the general to what extent, does not make clear. politely speaking, not thorough ; bluntly speaking, wrong!
the wrong reason, more importantly, should not is not thorough, but the current definition of money to lose its first general mm politics in general, economics full flavor, did not see the currency of human society important tool for organization, is a contract between and credit.
speak with the language of mathematics, the current textbook definition of money is a term limit did not complete the requirements explained.
04. real money is born Money you?
A: Statistics show that in human history, there were 2,000 different currencies. but it is interesting, different places and times have recognized as their own currency real money, as well as Marx said: Money is not the real world any metaphysical objects, but for practical purposes, it needs to express. This is a difficult mm coinage problem in the use of a difficult thing to express a tangible intangible things, and without difficulty between the !
as between the contract and credit, in principle, relevant organizations can host a maximum power of coinage, issuing its own currency of a particular stamp carrier. but there are two problems: how to prevent a supreme power of those who abuse Indian spam; change occurred between the two supreme how to do those. taking into account the reality of these two issues, in particular, human economic activities and political activities of long-lasting than ever, money carrier should be as far away from politics and power, not by the highest authority to cast cast. since even the highest power also need to stay away from, the general needs of the human factor is undoubtedly more from, say, rare as far as possible the currency carrier.
from history, real money is better to meet the two point, a person is extremely rare for most people, the highest authority of a person who is also extremely rare, naturally called the currency carrier. This should be a different place and time is unanimously recognized carrier of real money as the reason for the currency. Of course , because the real money may also have some practical value, gloss and texture make people feel better, we all accepted.
05. Why is the exchange rate is an artificial?
A: that the exchange rate is a pseudo-proposition, It is most natural. money is an important tool for organization, two different currency belonged to two different organizations, how can trade it? currency implies a contract and credit, two different organizations simply do not contracts and credit relations, how the money happened between the two? can count and not count from the point of view, money is not counted, how it was that it?
Some people may be put forward: not to say that money is credit? that credit with the size of it? so-called size really what kind of a relationship than that? Indeed, the credit is the most important mantra of the people, especially the financial sector, saying the credit size is not strictly true, strictly speaking, credit is a credit, Size does not matter. Taking this into account, . This is probably an understanding of the exchange rate is a convenient way pseudo-proposition, the textbook definition of money is because there did not see it included in the Limit.
06. Why is there will be real exchange rate?
A: exchange rate is a false proposition, but the reason for the existence of real exchange rate, first, because the two different organizations, although there is no contract and credit, but in reality there may be economic ties, give the simplest example, with the barrel of economic zones A Oil (per barrel X A currency) exchange a ton of food economic zone B (B RMB Y per ton), so assume that B A barrel of oil worth a ton of food, and draw the appropriate currency A currency of the B exchange rate but also because of the legacy of history. This is real money in the currency as a natural carrier of a long historical period, automatically provides the contract for the trans-regional exchange and credit, to some extent as the world's reign, the world of nature is to act as the central bank.
fact, a certain sense, globalization of world trade as well as real money is to reign as the developed world, then why insist on sailing adventure Columbus East India, gold is the most important purpose, he wrote, : music means. A number of real money value of the currency, and thus, A and B currency currency real money established by the ratio of the exchange rate between mm.
, but unfortunately, August 15, 1971, the Nixon administration brazenly tore up the Bretton Woods United States agreement to cancel the gold dollar issue constraints. In this way, the global currency of the broken bridge between the exchange rate, but the so-called inertia of the exchange rate is still under strong forward run, in fact, but streaking. until this time the U.S. financial crisis People came before, and sat on the throne of dollars real money is only one As the saying goes: a fake is a fake. is because the exchange rate is a false problem, even if the exchange rate is the recognition and acceptance of, its hypocrisy and absurdity have himself, leap off the paper, the so-called exchange rate automatically as evidence to the contrary, this fully reflected in the The so-called exchange rate calculation.
calculation of the exchange rate is considered to be a very complex issue, a large appreciation of the renminbi on the contention that this is not correct it? the exchange rate of the current popular theory is mainly the so-called Master of Economics from the Swedish Gustav b Cassell made, simply put, is the front of the mentioned B's own food price or the price of oil, such as not based on one or two to calculate the exchange of goods. by Cassel and Keynes's opinions, purchasing power parity should not only cover the international trade of goods and services, but also including non-traded goods and services. appears in the Masters, which is more comprehensive and more accurate, and can get a more realistic exchange rate.
this is missing the fans in general and the typical minor, Kassel and masters generations monetary economy, seems never to no second thoughts: Even if an A in A currency can buy a ton of ground beef or even a ton of gold, to not accept A if B is not A currency mm currency credit, the B ground to a grain of rice can not buy, I will not sell you, how it! talk about purchasing power parity it?
In fact, traders are likely to each specific needs and costs according to their own, and their barter with the other relevant circumstances occurred, calculated consistent with maximizing their own interests, than a specific number of points possible, one that should be appreciated to 6.5, said the rise of a 5.0, one that should rise to 4.5, one that should rise to 4, one that should rise to 3.3, one that should rise to 2.6, There are said to be to 2.0. why it is so important that the joints are calculated on the poor, just like kidding? as comprehensive and accurate real trade it?
A: Since the exchange rate is a false problem, two different currency does not matter ratio, and that economic zones in different currencies trade relations take place, how to proceed? That would be a real problem! Back to trade the nature of that solved, the so-called trade, the development is organized, self-sufficiency does not matter of trade, in general there can be no barter trade. Since it is a development organization, first of all contracts, and credit must be established in the trade of Ericsson mm first!
or take A, B two, if really want to establish trade relations, A, B is necessary to establish a common new credit, the establishment of a new common coinage, which is why the central bank and the interval range Global Express , all intervals to trade through the reign of billing and payment intervals.
Once the central interval and the interval reign, and will have a currency A currency exchange rate of B. a range of currencies reign the value of the number of A, from A decision; how much the value of a range of reign currency B, the B decision. In this way, A and B coin coin Fu letter by their common structure and delivery interval reign of the exchange rate relationship. will you have the base line, we can determine who in the last who, like the next.
Unfortunately, from the history and reality, not the first World Trade Ericsson, neither the first to establish a world central bank, not to release the world's reign start, but catch up on the. in the common the real money as a natural world reign of the times, catch could be forgiven, but after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, indeed of globalization should not catch on, quickly Ericsson now!
no hesitation, if man do not want to go back from globalization, we must firmly grasp the currency of this important tool for the development organization, better able to realize immediately why the emergency meeting to establish the World Bank and the World reign of the lesson.
09. human society should you return to the gold standard?
A: The current U.S. financial crisis dragged the world and some people are not only questioning the dollar, but the broader question of credit currency mm notes that the current traffic of the world, and even begun to miss from the gold standard era stability of the currency as real money, even to a value of up not down, it is less speculation, the Government has the responsibility, then a more healthy economic development.
This should be true, but humans should not return to the gold standard it? unlikely! real money is indeed a natural carrier of credit, and in the past for a long period of history and, indeed, the world's reign as well mm albeit unconscious, but now, without considering how real money to an extremely rare mass of economic activity intermediation business world, more importantly, return to the gold standard there is a fatal problem: the nature of the real money in the world uneven distribution of the central bank, in some places rich, there are where scarce, the big guys accept? the past is no intention of real money as a hard currency loan, and have to accept, and now the big guys are willing to credit you interested in real money? the other hand, may once again return to the gold standard to inspire real money or even abnormal pursuit of the irrational, just as Columbus did that year.
front have already mentioned, the credit vector it is necessary to maintain the rare nature of the general population, but also the highest authority within the organization who is of rare coins are guaranteed . banknotes is not bad, especially in the modern technological conditions, the notes can well remain rare for most people, thus acting as a good vehicle leases and credit. banknotes born less than the highest authority within the organization are easy to abuse India spamming, this is the crux of the matter is that we need to vigorously address.
10. how to treat the crisis of U.S. dollar and RMB opportunities?
A: There is no doubt that the U.S. financial crisis, the dollar is suffered a huge crisis. In fact, early data showed that the dollar is not much better care of their own reality, the glory as the world's hard currency, since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, the dollar relative to other major world currencies in the nominal exchange rate has fallen mmm my article fall to pieces!
a saying goes: people dead wife is equal to their weddings! the current discussion on the Internationalization of a little heated, indeed, the dollar crisis is RMB opportunities. The reason is simple, since you do not value dollars their glory as the world's hard currency, the renminbi that I can share some sites openly, no longer use you as a settlement currency in international trade, at least in my own led international trade, I can give up the U.S. dollar clearing, use RMB.
country right now is do we, the first cross-border trade, the RMB settlement has occurred in the July 6. As for currency exchange, even as early as the end of 2008 has been moving, has been as high as several thousand billion. But it does claim to international, but not the RMB would replace the dollar as a reserve currency it?
2008 Nobel laureate in economics, Mr Krugman has said that lifetime may not see the renminbi become an international currency. This should not pour cold water, more importantly, to the single currency as a reserve currency sovereign may no longer be the direction of the evolution of the global monetary system.
why? is none other than the reasons for U.S. dollar fall. On the surface, the dollar fall because of lack of natural notes, the U.S. authorities and India spamming abuse. but profound to say that is precisely the weakness of human nature, cause trouble, the dollar's fall confirmed the historian Lord Acton was a classic saying: , and absolute power corrupts absolutely. other currencies such as sovereignty, to promote the internationalization of the RMB currency competition and prevent abuse of Indian major international currencies spam, in order to protect the health of the global monetary system to the direction, but more importantly, or as quickly as possible on this lesson Ericsson , establishment of a world central bank, issued the world's reign mm or old saying:
the same world, the same currency!
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